Root Amputation: Procedure and Applications in Endodontics
What is root amputation?
Root amputation is a technique in which a damaged dental root is removed without extracting the entire tooth. It is performed on upper and lower molars that have pathologies localized in one of their roots.
It is an alternative to extraction in cases where the remaining tooth structure can still be functional.
Indications for root amputation
✔️ Chronic infections in one root without affecting the rest of the tooth.
✔️ Root fractures that compromise only a part of the tooth.
✔️ Localized bone loss around a root in advanced periodontal disease.
✔️ Teeth with failed endodontic treatment in a single root.
Surgical technique for root amputation
The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and follows these steps:
1️⃣ Surgical access to the affected root through gingival incision.
2️⃣ Removal of the damaged root with specialized instruments.
3️⃣ Smoothing and reshaping of the surrounding alveolar bone.
4️⃣ Suturing and postoperative follow-up to ensure proper healing.
Benefits and risks of root amputation
✅ Preserves the tooth and avoids the need for prosthetics or implants.
✅ Allows for maintaining chewing function.
✅ Prevents migration of adjacent teeth and bone resorption.
❌ Complications such as postoperative dental fractures may occur.
❌ Requires rigorous follow-up to prevent infections.
Postoperative care and recovery
✔️ Avoid hard foods for the first week.
✔️ Maintain strict oral hygiene to prevent infections.
✔️ Attend check-ups to assess the integration of the treated tooth.
Conclusion
Root amputation is an effective alternative for preserving multi-rooted teeth when one of their roots is affected. Its success depends on accurate diagnosis and proper maintenance after the procedure.
Legal Notice and Disclaimer
This article is part of ONAK's Dictionary of Medical Terms and is for informational purposes only. It does not replace consultation with a dentist.
Bibliography
- DeRosa, T. A., Cunningham, W. P. "Root resection therapy: a review of the literature and indications for treatment." J Endod. 1990; 16(1): 24-28. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2393123/
- Blomlöf, L., Lindskog, S. "Root-resection therapy: long-term clinical and radiographic follow-up." Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1996; 16(5): 488-497. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9206415/
